Asymmetric porphyrin solar cell dye and preparation method thereof

The invention relates to an asymmetric D-PI-A type dye and an intermediate material used for a dye-sensitized solar cell and taking porphyrin as a core, and a synthetic preparation method and an application of the dye. In a molecular structure of the dye, donators of alkane and alkoxy in different carbon chain lengths, triple-bond receptors are asymmetrically substituted at the periphery of a porphyrin disc core and appropriate core metal ions are adopted, so that electron-withdrawing and electron-donating capacities of the dye are improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell is improved. The dye, the preparation method and the application of the dye have the advantages that the material is easy to prepare; the separation and purification are simple; large-scale industrial production is suitable; the prepared dye embodies a good photoelectric conversion property through test characterization; the sensitization energy level of the phthalocyanine dye has certain controllability by controlling side chain length and central coordinated metal ions; and the dye has a great application prospect in energy development and utilization, and can be used for the dye-sensitized solar cell.