Physical Diffusion Cures the Carbuncle Phenomenon

The supersonic flow of a calorically perfect ideal gas past a two-dimensional blunt bodywas investigated. An unphysical anomaly known as the carbuncle phenomenon has beenpredicted by earlier studies of this flow that use so-called high resolution schemes whichemploy flux limiters within shock-capturing methods applied to the Euler equations. Asa remedy, this study introduces physical momentum and energy diffusion via a simplediscretization of the ordinary Navier-Stokes equations, employed on a sufficiently fine gridto capture viscous shocks. To check if this cures the anomaly, flow over a cylinder ofradius a = 150 microns of viscous air with freestream Mach number M