Fatal poisoning case involving drug interaction due to the inhibition of cytochrome P450

Background/Aim. The histological phenomenon of tumor budding is being recognized as an important determinant of disease progression and poor prognosis in various types of carcinoma. We aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological significance of tumor budding in adenocarcinoma of the lung. Methods. The study included 114 patients, operatively treated for lung adenocarcinoma in one-year period. Microscopic analysis of routine histological slides was performed to establish the presence and density of tumor buds. These results were compared to gender, age, tumor size, nodal status and pathological stage. Results. The budding-positive group included 34 men (53.1%) and 27 women (54%). There were 30 men (46.9%) and 23 women (46%) in the budding-negative group. There was no statistical significance found between males (64.3 ± 6.59) and females (63.1 ± 6.53) in the budding-positive group, nor in the budding-negative group (males 63.3 ± 6.02; females 63.2 ± 6.72), age considering. Statistically significant result in tumor size was found in females with the presence of tumor budding (p<0.05). Budding-positive group of patients in nodal status N1 and in stage III of the disease pointed to the statistical significance (p<0.05). Conclusion. With statistical significance confirmed between higher nodal status, higher pathological stage and tumor budding found in this study, this histological phenomenon is still relatively new for diagnostics domain of pathology, but receiving increasing attention as an adverse prognostic factor. These results may help tumor budding to incorporate into existing staging systems as it is associated with other factors known to portend worse outcome.