[Impact of risk factors for osteoporosis on bone mineral density in perimenopausal women of the City of Querétaro, México].

Es indispensable evaluar los factores de riesgo en osteoporosis, principalmente los modificables, como: los estilos de vida, para prevenirla, ya que es un grave problema de salud publica. Se estudiaron 805 mujeres (35-55 anos) de la ciudad de Queretaro, Mexico. Se obtuvieron datos personales, historia familiar, habitos como: fumar, actividad fisica, consumo de alcohol y de cafeina (refresco de cola y cafe). Las participantes completaron el cuestionario de riesgo de osteoporosis (19 factores, con uno, existe riesgo) (International Osteoporosis Foundation). Se evaluo: Indice de Masa Corporal (IMC), riesgo cardiovascular y complexion corporal (Talla/Circunferencia de muneca). Se realizo una densitometria osea (DXA) en dos regiones diagnosticas: columna lumbar y cadera total y las participantes se clasificaron en: densidad mineral osea (DMO) normal, DMO baja y osteoporosis. La prevalencia de osteoporosis fue de 7% y de DMO baja fue de 34%, predominantemente en region lumbar y en aquellas con menopausia. La edad fue mayor en mujeres osteoporoticas (51 anos) y el 85% menopausicas, con valores menores de: peso, talla, IMC, circunferencia de cintura y cadera, que las normales. Los factores de riesgo modificables que aumentaron el riesgo fueron: bajo peso, fumar y consumo de refresco de cola con 6,5, 1,2 y 1,4 (razon de momios) respectivamente (p It is essential to evaluate osteoporosis risk factors, mainly the modifiable, like the lifestyle, in Mexican women in order to prevent it, since it is a serious public health problem.We studied 805 women (35-55 years old) in the City of Queretaro, Mexico. We obtained: personal data, family history, habits, such as smoking, alcohol, caffeine (coffee and soft drink of cola) and physical activity. Participants complete the questionnaire on 19 risk factors for osteoporosis (International Osteoporosis Foundation) one of them with risk. We evaluated: body mass index (BMI), cardiovascular risk and corporal complexion. Bone densitometry was performed in two diagnostic regions: lumbar spine and total hip and participants were classified as normal bone mass density (BMD), low BMD and osteoporosis. The prevalence of osteoporosis was 7% and of low BMD was 34%, predominantly in the lumbar region and in those with menopause. In osteoporotic women, the age was higher (51 years) and 85% menopausal women, also lower values of weight, height, BMI, waist circumference and hip than women with normal bone mass density. The significantly modifiable risk factors were: low weight, smoking and consumption of soft drink of cola with 6,5, 1,2 and 1,4 (odds ratio), respectively (p