ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФИЗИОЛОГИИ ЭРИТРОЦИТОВ. ГЕМОЛИЗ И ЭРИПТОЗ

This article reviews the data on the changes of erythroid cells intracellular organization during maturation (including cytoskeleton and surface determinants formation, enucleation, and reticulocytes migration into the bloodstream), and primary transcription factors involved in the realization of erythropoietin signaling. The features of erythrocytes movement in the bloodstream; their deformability, form and membrane ion permeability variations depending on the bloodstream sector are described. The erythrocytic factors capable of modulating the vascular tonus, hemostasis, and inflammation degree, as well as the erythrocytes receptors and surface determinants are discussed. The mechanisms and consequences of intravascular and intracellular hemolysis; eryptosis molecular mechanisms, inductors and inhibitors; the pathologies associated with enhanced eryptosis and principle of «splenic filter» functioning are analyzed. 61 sources were analyzed, which were identified through systematic literature search in PubMed (Medline, PreMedline), scientific electronic library (eLIBRAR.ru) and among printed publications appeared from 1997 to May 2017.