Polymer-ceramic fiber nanocomposite coatings on titanium metal implant devices for diseased bone tissue regeneration

Abstract This research investigates osteoblast cell growth and cancer cell inhibition of titanium (Ti) metal implant coated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) reinforced hydroxyapatite (HAP) composite. The fibrous composite of PVA/HAP/folic acid (FA)/Methotrexate (MTX) was coated on the surface of a titanium plate and observed with microscopy. During the PVA/HAP/FA/MTX composite preparation, the functional changes and crystalline phases were observed through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis, respectively. The composite fibers had an average diameter of 19 nm and mechanical strength (9660 Pa) much greater than pure HAP (4965 Pa), critical to the fibrous scaffold under load-bearing applications. Biocompatibility, cell growth, and proliferation capability of the PVA/HAP/FA/MTX composite were studied in human bone marrow-derived stem cells (hBMSCs). The fiber composite was found to have excellent biocompatibility with significant cell growth, while the MTX-loaded PVA/HAP/FA composite demonstrated cytotoxicity against A459 cells. The prepared fibrous composites will serve as a superior biomaterial for osteosarcoma-diseased bone repair after evidencing of in-vivo and clinical trials.