Clinical and anatomical myocardium features according to invasive and non-invasive examination methods in patients with coronary artery disease in combination with diabetes mellitus

Aim. To study the clinical and anatomical myocardium features according to invasive and non-invasive examination methods in men and women with coronary artery disease (CAD) in combination with diabetes mellitus (DM). Material and methods. A single-step clinical study included 77 men and 68 women with angina of the II-III functional classes, observed in the Republican clinical hospital in Nazran. Depending on the presence of type 2 DM and gender, patients were divided into 4 groups: Group I — men with CAD+DM (n=34), Group II — women with CAD+DM (n=36), Group III — men with CAD without DM (n=43), group IV — women with CAD without DM (n=32). All patients underwent electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography (EchoCG) and coronary angiography. Results. Hypertrophy of the left ventricle on ECG was most often diagnosed in men with CAD+DM (38%). Similar, but less pronounced tendency is observed in men without DM (23%). Among women, these parameters were 80% more often occurred among men with CAD without DM, among men and women with CAD+DM, the absolute number of such constrictions was 21-25 cases. The greatest number of stenoses ≥2 coronary arteries was observed in men with CAD+DM (~30 cases), in the group of men with CAD without DM constriction >2 vessels are found in ~20 cases. Among women, stenosis ≥2 vessels are detected twice as less as compared with men. At the same time, in the group of women with CAD+DM, the frequency of multiple stenoses was 15% higher than those of women with CAD without DM. Conclusion. Thus, using non-invasive and invasive examination methods in CAD patients, a number of complementary changes in the myocardium and coronary arteries were found. The presence of DM worsens these changes, both among men and women.