Maximizing 'Cimarron' Little Bluestem Establishment as Secondary Rough for a Golf Course

Native grasses are an important design component in secondary roughs of golf courses due to minimal maintenance requirements and aesthetics. However, problems with seed germination and subsequent establishment limit their use. Two 2-year studies on ‘Cimarron’ little bluestem were conducted in 2000 and 2002 at Mississippi State University. In each study, seed was planted at five rates: 12.7, 25.4, 38.1, 51, and 63.4 lb of pure live seed (PLS) per acre. Visual percent cover was recorded each month after planting (MAP). The seeding rate of 12.7 lb PLS/acre may not be acceptable for secondary roughs, since coverage was only 6.7 and 4%, respectively, at 2 MAP. This would most likely result in establishment failure during rainfall events. By the end of the first 2-year trial, there were no significant differences among coverage rates ≥ 25.4 lb PLS/acre. By the end of the second 2-year study, there was no difference among seeding rates. Based upon this study, rates at or above 25.4 lb PLS/acre would be recommended. Though these higher ‘Cimarron’ seeding rates benefit first year establishment, 100% cover is still unlikely and establishment will require a minimum of 2 years. Early management response to weed competition may be a key component for successful establishment of ‘Cimarron’ little bluestem in golf course secondary roughs.