Elements of Quantum Theory

ln Chapter 2, we have discussed some experiments which indicate that radiation should be regarded as being made up of zero-mass particles called photons each of which carries a quantum of energy hv and momentum \(\frac{{h{\mathbf{v}}}}{c}{\mathbf{n}}\). It was also observed that particles with nonzero mass, such as the electron, have wave properties associated with them, and produce diffraction patterns similar to those produced by radiation.