Incidence of End-Stage Renal Disease in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE To investigate how risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) among patients with type 1 diabetes has changed over time and further how the risk is affected by age, sex, and time period of diagnosis of diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A cohort including all patients RESULTS The patients were followed up for a median of 20 years. During 616,403 patient-years, 1,543 ESRD cases and 4,185 deaths were recorded. The cumulative risk of ESRD was 2.2% after 20 years and 7.0% after 30 years from the diabetes diagnosis. The relative risk of ESRD was 0.13 (95% CI 0.08–0.22) among patients diagnosed in 1995–2011 compared with those diagnosed in 1965–1979. Patients CONCLUSIONS The cumulative risk of ESRD has decreased markedly during the past five decades. This highlights the importance of modern treatment of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy.