Fundamentals of electric motors

The main objective of this chapter is to introduce the fundamental operating principle needed to understand the rotation of electric motors along with their basic structure. This chapter first explores in detail what the fundamental principle for a continuous rotation of electric motors is. Afterward, it describes how this fundamental operating principle is achieved in the three existing typical motors, which are direct current motor and alternating current motors of a synchronous motor and an induction motor. By comparing their method for achieving this fundamental principle, the difference among the typical motors is identified. In the course of this study, the background knowledge for magnetic and electric system is introduced to help the understanding of this fundamental principle of the electric motors. Lastly, a composition of the motor drive system is examined. The characteristics of a load driven by a motor and its mathematical modeling are also introduced.