MHD processes in the electromagnetic stirring of liquid metal in continuous section and bloom casters

The electromagnetic stirring (EMS) of liquid metal in continuous-casting machines has become an integral part of the casting operation in world metallurgy and is done to improve the quality of continuous-cast sections and blooms. Electromagnetic stirring units may be installed in the mold, the secondary cooling zone (SCZ), and/or the final solidification zone (FSZ), depending on the requirements established for the continuous-cast metal and its quality. This article analyzes and substantiates the effectiveness of improving the quality of semifinished sections and rounds cast on semi-continuous casting machines with electromagnetic stirring of the liquid phase of the crystallizing ingot in the mold and the zone in which final solidification takes place.