Metabolic Syndrome (Ms) among Adults in Urban Slums - A Cross Sectional Study in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India

Background: The prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome is rapidly increasing in the world including India and other South Asian countries, leading to increased morbidity and mortality due to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hence this study has been taken. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and its components in urban slums of Hyderabad. Materials and Methods: • Study design: Community based Cross sectional study. • Study area: Randomly selected three Urban slums of Hyderabad (Sundernagar, Nehrunagar and Moulana Azad nagar). • Study period: 6 months (Jan 2012 to June 2012). • Tools: Mercurial sphygmomanometer (Diamond), Weighing machine, Reinforced fibre elastic tape, Stethoscope, a predesigned and pretested questionnaire. • Sample size: 350 sampling: Systematic Random sampling procedure. • Study variables: Blood pressure, BMI, socioeconomic status, waist circumference, fasting blood sugar and lipid profile. Statistical analysis: Analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2007 and Epi info 3.5.3. Results: The study population included 170 (48.6%) males and 180 (51.4%) females. Majority belonged to 41- 60 years 165 (47.1%). Majority 126 (36.1%) belonged to upper lower class. The prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome was 23.6%, 17.1% in men and 29.4% in women. Increased Blood pressure above 130/84 mm of mercury was seen in 29.2% subjects with 25.7% in males and 32.4% in females. Fasting Blood Glucose above 100 mg/dl was seen in 26.4% subjects with 28.6% in males and 24.3% in females. Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome and risk factors are high in the urban slums and measures to reduce them is the need of the hour.