Device for reducing back pressure in summer and recovering exhaust steam heat in winter

The invention provides a device for reducing the back pressure in summer and recovering exhaust steam heat in winter. The device comprises an exhaust steam inlet, a condenser shell, a cooling water pipe, a front water chamber, a rear water chamber, a condensed water outlet and a front water chamber partition. The front water chamber partition partitions the front water chamber into a front upper water chamber and a front lower water chamber; a first water inlet is located outside the upper water chamber, and a second water inlet is located outside the lower water chamber; the device further comprises a rear water chamber partition partitioning the rear water chamber into a rear upper water chamber and a rear lower water chamber, a first water outlet is located in the rear upper water chamber, and a second water outlet is located in the rear lower water chamber; the rear upper water chamber and the rear lower water is connected through a communicating pipe provided with a valve. The device can serve as a peak cooler, exhaust steam heat recovery device and / or ordinary condenser.