Effects of Interaction between Surface Water and Groundwater on Groundwater Flow and Quality Beneath Urban Areas

Processes and problems associated with the interaction between rivers, lakes, wetlands and groundwater in the urban environment are described. Typical forms of surface water/aquifer interaction are identified, as well as commonly associated management problems. Case studies from Germany and the U.S. are used to highlight specific phenomena. A number of recommendations, solutions, and considerations required for effective management of urban groundwater are presented.