A biocornea of fish scales – First results of a research model

Purpose To develop an animal model suitable to evaluate the biocompatibility of a fish-scale derived biocornea. This biocornea has been developed as an alternative for the use of human tissue to replace damaged corneas. Prior to its use in humans, it is essential to determine the behavior and biocompatibility of the biocornea with the natural cornea. Methods A ±250 µm thick, decellularized and decalcified fish scale-derived collagen matrix was implanted into the corneas of three groups of Fischer 344 male albino rats of 14 weeks old. Rats were anesthetized with isufluorane, oxybuprocaine and marcaine and received corticosteroids postoperatively. The first group (n=6) received an Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (ALK). The second group (n=6) had the matrix implanted into an intralamellar corneal pocket and the third group (n=6) subconjunctivally. Discomfort, attachment of the implant, transparency of cornea and implant, epithelial damage and inflammation parameters were observed during 21 days. Results In rats receiving an intralamellar pocket implantation different degrees of opacity were observed. The anterior lamel started to disappear after day 7. Implants in the ALK group remained transparent despite neovascularization in all cases, but no reepithelialization was observed. Rats with a subconjunctival implant showed local swelling, redness and induration which decreased in time. Conclusion The artificial cornea is accepted quite well early on, but may lead to corneal melting. The curvature of the implant need be adjusted to better mimic the rats’ curvature. Future research is warranted to optimize the Biocornea. Commercial interest