Importance of Measuring Serum C-peptide in the Biological Care of Hyperglycemia Patients and Diabetics’ Patients on Insulin in Côte d’Ivoire

Diabetes, the leading cause of high blood glucose, is a pandemic disease with serious complications (paralyzing, deadly) despite the available diabetes treatment. C -Peptide, is generally secreted in amounts equal to insulin in the blood, is a reliable marker of insulin function and production in diabetics patients under insulin therapy. In Cote d’Ivoire, the prevalence of diabetes is 2.3% (2015) and no study has been conducted so far on the C-peptide to evaluate the actual proportion of insulin in high blood glucose. This is a prospective study based on cases-controls conducted on a cohort of 60 patients and 30 controls from the period of November 2015 to February 2016 .The study involved only adult patients’ with hyperglycemia blood samples on one hand and those assumed diabetics on insulin therapy. Pregnant women and children were not included. Analysis of C-peptide was performed on the sera from blood samples collected. Using ELISA kit chain PR 4100 by Bio-rad. The results show that the mean value of the C- peptide is normal with no significant difference in patients with hyperglycemia (P = 0.1343). However, the difference is significant in diabetics patients on insulin therapy (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, the determination of C-peptide level allowed knowing the amount of insulin secreted by the pancreas. It would be better, with the persistence situation of hyperglycemia, to evaluate the concentration level of C-peptide before commencement of any diabetes treatment exogenous insulin in particular.