[Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography : What is important in orthopedics and traumatology].

BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) are established complementary tools for cross-sectional imaging in addition to standard x‑rays in orthopedics and traumatology. OBJECTIVE: Illustration of possible applications of MRI and CT in acute and chronic joint diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Summary of the relevant literature with focus on the validity of MRI and CT in depicting joint trauma and pathologies. In addition, description of pitfalls in evaluation of the images. RESULTS: The main focus of CT is the detailed visualization of fractures and deformities; however, MRI is the primary imaging technique for depiction of soft tissue pathologies, such as ligament tears and chondral lesions. Both imaging techniques are valuable in orthopedics and traumatology and complement each other in the development of treatment algorithms. CONCLUSION: Both MRI and CT are essential and complementing cross-sectional imaging techniques in the diagnostic procedures for joint pathologies in orthopedics and traumatology.