Health in Sub-Saharan Africa: HIV, TB and Malaria Epidemiology

Tuberculosis (TB), HIV/AIDS and malaria have been defined as the greatest health challenges of humanity. International commitment over the past 15 years has produced major changes in epidemic trends and burden of those diseases, saving over 50 million lives. A successful response has been registered in the annual decrease of general incidence rates, with a more pronounced decline for the HIV/AIDS epidemic: in fact, new cases of HIV dropped from 3.1 million in 2000 to 2.0 million in 2014, resulting in fewer children below 15 years of age acquiring HIV. Also, it can be said that the Millennium target of halting malaria by 2015 has been globally met convincingly. Conversely, TB incidence needs to accelerate annual decrease in order to achieve the global 2020 target of “End TB Strategy”.