Compounds of tin(IV) - catalysts of amide formation. Effect of temperature and nature of leaving group

The effect of substitution of the ester oxygen atom by sulfur in p-nitrophenyl acetate on its aminolysis rate with benzylamine in beneze at 25/degree/C in the presence of dibutyltin dibenzoate as catalyst was studied. Such substitution leads to a decrease in the catalytic activity by approximately a half, and this is explained by the smaller capacity of the sulfur atom for the formation of hydrogen bonds. The effect of temperature on the rate of the reaction of N-benzyl-oxycarbonylglycine p-nitrophenyl ester with glycine tert-butyl ester in benzene in the presence of dibutyltin dibenzoate was also investigated in the range of 10-50/degree/C. The Arrhenius equation is not fulfilled in this case. The obtained facts demonstrate the multistage character of the catalytic reaction and do not contradict the authors previously proposed bifunctional mechanism of catalysis by tin(IV) compounds.