Analysis on the level of self-efficacy and its influencing factors in the primary caregivers of children enterostomy

Objective To investigate the current situation of the self-efficacy in the main caregivers of pediatric enterostoma patients and its influencing factors, to provide scientific basis for formulating continuing nursing intervention measures for children with enterostomy. Methods A cross-sectional investigation was carried out. The primary caregivers of the pediatric enterostoma patients who were treated in a ClassⅢ Grade A children's specialized hospital in Shanghai during January 2016 to October 2017 were selected by convenience sampling method. A self-designed general information questionnaire, General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) , and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMA) were applied in the investigation. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were applied to analyze the influencing factors of self-efficacy. A total of 92 questionnaires were sent out, and 90 were recovered, with a valid rate of 97.83%. Results The median score of GSES among the 90 primary caregivers of the pediatric enterostoma patients was 24, ranging from 13 to 36, which was at a median to low level. The result of univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the distribution of caregivers' self-efficacy scores in terms of education level, residence, family monthly income, health insurance, family structure type and doctor-patient communication level (P<0.01) . Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that caregivers' educational level, family type, anxiety level and family monthly income were the main factors affecting their self-efficacy. Conclusions The self-efficacy level of the main caregivers of children with enterostoma needs to be improved. We should strengthen doctor-patient communication for caregivers with lower education, encourage seeking social support, expand information acquisition, enhance care ability and improve the quality of life of children. Key words: Enterostomy; Caregivers; Self-efficacy; Influencing factors