Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Spanish version of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 (MIQ-3)

Abstract Objective The goal of this study was to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Spanish version of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 in order to assess an individual's external visual, internal, and kinesthetic imagery abilities. Design Prospective two-phase scale validation study. Subjects One-hundred and forty subjects (47 men and 93 women, mean age = 21.54 ± 2.127 years) were included in the study. Methods A direct and indirect translation of the questionnaire was initially carried out and then the psychometric properties of the questionnaire were studied. Results The confirmatory factor analysis showed a good model fit. The percentage of explained variance was 69.55. Good internal consistency was observed for the total score and for each subscale (internal visual = 0.849, external visual = 0.837 and kinesthetic = 0.857). The correlation with the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised was high and the test showed stability in a one-week period. Gender invariance was demonstrated. Conclusions The positive psychometric properties of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 in its Spanish version show that it can be used to measure imagery capabilities among a young and healthy population in both sexes.