A mentalizációs igény és a machiavelliánus nézetekkel való egyetértés = Need for mentalizing and agreeing with Machiavellian views
2013
A machiavellista szemelyek ugy mutatnak kiemelkedő interaktiv hatekonysagot, hogy nincs kiemelkedő mentalizacios teljesitmenyuk. Az ellentmondas magyarazatara a szakirodalom a mentalizacios teljesitmeny meresenek jellegzetessegevel (az osztonzők hianyaval) kapcsolatos motivacios ervet, illetve a fejlettebb altalanos emberismeretre hivatkozo kognitiv ervet kinalja.Sajat fejlesztesű kerdőivvel vegzett kutatasunk, amelyben 399 szemely vett reszt, a mentalizacioval kapcsolatos igenyeket, celokat, attitűdoket ragadja meg. A mentalizacioval osszefuggő onbeszamoloknak harom hattertenyezőjet azonositottuk, a masok mentalis allapotainak megismeresere iranyulo igenyt, a zokkenőmentes interakciok igenyet es a mentalizacio műveletere iranyulo attitűdot. Eredmenyeink szerint a machiavellista szemelyek kevesbe szeretnek masok mentalis allapotait megismerni, de a masik ket tekintetben nem kulonboznek a machiavellianus nezetekkel kevesbe egyetertő tarsaiktol. Tanulmanyunkkal a motivacios magyarazathoz kapcsolodunk, kiterjesztve annak hatokoret, amennyiben bemutatjuk, hogy a machiavellistakat altalaban veve kevesbe erdekli masok mentalis allapotainak megismerese. A kutatasnak a machiavellistak fejlettebb altalanos emberismeretenek iranyaba mutato implikacioi vannak.
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Machiavellian individuals do not show smart mentalizing performance; nevertheless they have efficient interactions with others. This contradiction has got explanation from two sides in the literature. First, the motivation-argument operates with the lack of incentives when measuring mentalizing performance. Second, the cognitive-argument stresses nomotetic personality-theories instead of idiographic ones, when Machiavellian individuals read others.The present research employed a self-developed questionnaire to measure self-reflected needs regarding mentalization. Based on the data of 399 responders we identified 3 factors behind the general need for mentalizing: a need for reading others’ mental states; a need for untroubled interactions and an attitude towards reading others. High Mach individuals reported less need for reading others’ mental states but they did not differ from Low Mach individuals in respect of the other two issues. Our study extends the well-known motivation-argument (High Mach score low on mentalization-tasks because in lack of incentives they are not involved in performing at a high level), by presenting that High Mach individuals, in general, are less interested in reading others’ mental states. The research has implications towards the idea of Machiavellian persons with efficient nomotetic personality-theories.
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