Quantum Blockchain based on Dimensional Lifting Generalized Gram-Schmidt Procedure

The advancement of quantum computers undermines the security of classical blockchain necessitating either a quantum-resistant upgrade of the existing architecture or creation of an inherently quantum blockchain. Here we propose a model of quantum blockchain based on generalized Gram-Schmidt procedure utilizing dimensional lifting, which is practically realizable. In this model, information of a transaction is recorded in multi-qubit states, that are subsequently encoded using the extended Gram-Schmidt process. The chain is generated as a result of the reliance of orthogonalized state on the sequence of states preceding it. Various forking scenarios are considered and their suitable corrections are provided for this model of blockchain. Furthermore, the critical security and counterfeiting concerns are investigated showing the robustness of the model against those counterfeiting and vulnerabilities. Finally, we outline a framework for a quantum token built on the same architecture as our blockchain.