Counselling versus Selbsthilfemanual bei ambulanten Tinnituspatienten: Ein Effektivitätsvergleich

Background. Counselling is a basic psychological intervention for chronic tinnitus the effectiveness of which has not yet been evaluated. Scientific question. The therapeutic effect of counselling was compared to that of a self-help manual. Outcome was analysed for tinnitus disability, tendency to become chronic, and accompanying psychiatric disorders. Methods. A total of 75 tinnitus outpatients were randomly assigned to group counselling (n=35) and self-help (n=40). Tinnitus disability, general psychological disturbances, depression, anxiety, coping and illness beliefs were measured using questionnaires (TQ SCL-90-R, BDI, BAI, FKV, KKG) administered before and after treatment and at a 6-month follow-up. Psychiatric disorders (DSM-IV) were assessed using the CIDI. Results. Counselling and the self-help manual had a significant effect on tinnitus disability, showing most profit for participants with a high level of tinnitus distress. The significant reduction in tinnitus distress was maintained at the 6-month follow-up. There was, however, no difference between the two treatment-groups. Effect-sizes for patients with DSM-IV-diagnoses were smaller. Conclusion. For tinnitus outpatients without psychiatric comorbidity, self-help manuals can be an effective first treatment.