Evaluación genotóxica del extracto oleoso de la semilla de Carapa guianensis Aublet en el ensayo de aberraciones cromosómicas en ratones Balb/c
2013
Introduccion: el extracto oleoso de la semilla de Carapa guianensis Aublet ha tenido diversos usos biomedicos. Recientemente fue evaluado este extracto, el cual manifesto grandes potencialidades como antioxidante en ensayos in vivo; pero poco se conoce de su efecto sobre el ADN en biomodelos experimentales. Objetivo: evaluar el potencial genotoxico del extracto oleoso de la semilla de Carapa guianensis en el ensayo de aberraciones cromosomicas de celulas de la medula osea de ratones Balb/c. Metodos: se formaron cinco grupos experimentales: un grupo placebo (Tween 65 al 2 por ciento), tres tratados con niveles de dosis del extracto (400, 1 000 y 2 000 mg/kg), administrados por via oral durante 14 dias; por ultimo, un grupo control positivo tratado con ciclofosfamida, en dosis de 50 mg/kg por via intraperitoneal 48 y 24 h antes de la eutanasia. Se administraron cinco animales/sexo/grupo. Despues de los 14 dias de administracion se les efectuo la eutanasia por dislocacion cervical y se les extrajo la medula osea del femur para proceder a realizar la tecnica citogenetica de aberraciones cromosomicas. Resultados: los resultados entre controles y tratados con el extracto no difirieron para los dos sexos en las variables indice mitotico, Gaps, celulas con poliploidias, numero de celulas con aberraciones cromosomicas y cromatidicas y el porcentaje de celulas con aberraciones. Sin embargo, si difirieron controles y tratados contra el grupo tratado con ciclofosfamida, lo que valida nuestros resultados. Conclusiones: el extracto oleoso de la semilla de la Carapa guianensis no posee potencialidades genotoxicas en la formacion de aberraciones cromosomicas, sobre todo estructurales en celulas de la medula osea de ratones Balb/c de ambos sexos(AU) Introduction: the oil extract from Carapa guianensis seed has various biomedical applications. It was recently evaluated and revealed great potentialities as antioxidant in in vivo assays, but little is known about its effect on DNA in experimental biomodels. Objective: to evaluate the genotoxic potential of the oil extract from Carapa guianensis seed in the chromosomal aberration of the bone marrow cells test performed in Balb/c mice. Methods: five experimental groups were created: one placebo group (Tween 65, 2 percent), three treated with different extract doses (400, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg) orally administered for 14 days and one positive control group treated with cyclophosphamide at a dose of 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally at 48 and 24 h before euthanasia. Five animals per sex from each group were administered the set dose. After 14 days of treatment, the animals were euthanized through cervical dislocation and their femoral bone marrow was taken out to perform the cytogenetic chromosomal aberration technique. Results: the results between the control group and the groups treated with the extract did not differ between the two sexes in terms of the mitotic index variables, Gaps, polyploidy cells, number of cells with chromosome and chromatic aberrations and the percentage of aberration cells. However, the results of controls and of treated groups were different from those of the group treated with cyclophosphamide, which proved the validation of our results. Conclusions: the oil extract from Carapa guianensis seeds does not have genotoxic potential for the formation of chromosome aberrations, mainly structural, in Balb/c mice bone marrow of both sexes(AU)
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