Update on prophylaxis and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting

Background Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common complications following surgery under anesthesia,and the incidence is up to 30％.Preventing PONV have been published on the international consensus and guidelines,but flawed prediction model of PONV and complex control strategies is the greatest obstacle of clinical prevention of PONV.Objective This review summarized the major obstacle to controlling PONV in clinical practice,and provided a more effective way of preventing PONV.Content Flawed PONV prediction model and complex strategies of prevention and treatment are the major obstacle of clinical preventing PONV.Multimode controlling PONV is a simple,effective method of preventing PONV.Trend Multimode controlling PONV would be more acceptable and appliable for clinical anesthesiologists.New agents and traditional antiemetics provides more choices for clinical multimode controlling PONV. Key words: Postoperative nausea and vomiting;  Risk factor;  Prediction model;  Antiemetics