Agresiones a enfermeras/os en España. Análisis y prevención

espanolSe considera que para hacer una adecuada prevencion de las agresiones y de la violencia hacia las enfermeras/os es imprescindible disponer de un conocimiento objetivo sobre esta realidad a nivel nacional, y por eso se hace necesario contar con un observatorio na-cional de agresiones a enfermeras/os, que permita tener informacion unificada y amplia del estado de la violencia laboral contra nuestro colectivo profesional en todo el territorio. El objetivo de esta investigacion es describir el registro nacional de agresiones a enfermeras/os del Consejo General de Enfermeria y analizar las agresiones registradas. Las variables de estudio fueron: numero de agresiones regis-tradas, Comunidad Autonoma donde se produce la agresion, edad y sexo de la enfermera agredida, ambito laboral donde se sufre la agresion, tipo de agresion y la presentacion de denuncias. En el ano 2017 se registraron 1593 agresiones y en el ano 2018 fueron 1494. El 52% de las agresiones las realizaron los familiares y acompanantes, se produjeron principalmente en las urgencias hospitalarias, el 75% fueron agresiones verbales y solo se denuncian un 5% de las agresiones registradas. Como conclusion podemos plantear que el disponer de un registro nacional de agresiones a enfermeras/os es muy relevante, ya que permite hacer un analisis global de la situacion de esta importante lacra en nuestra sociedad y poder plantear acciones preventivas de una forma mucho mas dirigida, tanto a nivel de provincias, centros sanitarios, y perfil profesional de riesgo, potenciando la formacion en medidas preventivas ante agresiones, como el manejo de situaciones conflictivas, la comunicacion con paciente y familia o la asertividad. EnglishIt is considered that in order to adequately prevent aggressions and violence against nurses, it is essential to have objective knowledge of this reality at a national level, and for this reason it is necessary to have a national observatory of aggressions against nurses, which allows us to have unified and comprehensive information on the state of workplace violence against our professional group throughout the territory. The objective of this research is to describe the national register of aggressions to nurses of the General Council of Nursing and to analyze the aggressions registered. The study variables were: number of registered aggressions, Autonomous Community where the aggression takes place, age and sex of the aggressed nurse, work environment where the aggression is suffered, type of aggression and the presentation of complaints. In 2017 there were 1593 aggressions and in 2018 there were 1494. 52% of the aggressions were carried out by relatives and companions, occurred mainly in hospital emergency departments, 75% were verbal aggressions and only 5% of the aggressions recorded were reported. As a conclusion we can state that having a national register of aggressions to nurses is very rele-vant, since it allows us to make a global analysis of the situation of this important scourge in our society and to be able to propose preven-tive actions in a much more directed way, both at the level of provinces, health centres, and professional risk profile, promoting training in preventive measures against aggressions, such as the management of conflictive situations, communication with patient and family or assertiveness.