Landscape for Research and Innovation in Africa

Using various indices that measure R&D and innovation progress such as investment, human capacity, publications, patents, collaborations and others, this chapter shows that Africa, especially sub-Saharan Africa, performs poorly compared to most of the other regions of the world. It references the work of UNESCO, the African Network for Drugs and Diagnostics Innovation (ANDI) and others, and shows very poor intra-African collaboration compared to North-South research collaborations. The reasons for this skewed collaboration pattern and ways of addressing it are proposed.