High-energy pulse laser separation and compression method and device

The invention discloses a high-energy pulse laser separation and compression method and a high-energy pulse laser separation and compression device. The high-energy pulse laser separation and compression method comprises: carrying out polarization selection on input laser to obtain laser pulses in a linear polarization state; carrying out pulse separation to divide laser pulses in the linear polarization state into a plurality of sub pulses which are perpendicular to one another in a polarization direction on a time domain, thereby reducing energy of corresponding pulses; then, enabling sub pulses to enter a compression device so as to carry out first-time compression of pulse width; after the first-time compression, introducing pulses into a polarization reserving gear, rotating the laser pulses in the linear polarization state by 90 degrees to obtain a transmission direction reverse to the previous transmission direction, and enabling the pulses to pass through the pulse compression device again so as to carry out second-time compression of pulse width; and enabling the pulses which are subjected to the second-time compression to reversely pass through a pulse separating device, thereby combining the plurality of sub pulses into a high-energy laser pulse and emitting the high-energy laser pulse. According to the high-energy pulse laser separation and compression method, under material and damage threshold conditions of a current pulse compression device, higher-energy ultra-short laser pulse output is realized; and dispersion compensating amount is multiplied by two-time compression; The high-energy pulse laser separation and compression method can conveniently realize high-energy pulse laser compression by adopting an all-optical-fiber structure device.