Sklerochoroidale Kalzifikation - ein seltenes Krankheitsbild: Bericht über zwei Patienten, Differenzialdiagnose und Literaturübersicht

Background: Idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcification is a benign calcification at the level of the choroid and the sclera. Due to the location of the lesions mainly between the superior temporal vascular arcade and the equator, there is no visual disturbance. Diagnosis of idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcification is made by the typical fundus appearance in combination with ultrasonic findings. Patients: 1. A 55-year old male patient showed multifocal slightly prominent lesions in the superiotemporal fundus of the left eye. 2. In a 60-year old male patient found multifocal slight prominent whitish lesions were found in the superior fundus from temporal to nasal of both eyes. Visual acuity was unaffected by the lesions. The borderlines of visual field were normal. Results: Echography revealed a highly reflective lesion with orbital shadowing. Fluorescein angiography showed a normal pattern besides the lesions with a late hyperfluorescence staining of the lesion itself. Calcium and phosphorus levels were normal with no signs of abnormal calcium metabolism. Conclusions: Idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcification is a benign disorder which is diagnosed by the typical ophthalmoscopic picture in combination with standardised echography. Computed tomography can confirm the diagnosis. The most important differential diagnosis is choroidal osteoma, others are choroidal metastasis, choroidal amelanotic naevus and choroiditis. The early diagnosis of a sclerochoroidal calcification is important to avoid all the implications for the patient to which a misdiagnosis can lead.