The Role of CXCL12 in Kidney Diseases: A Friend or Foe?
2021
Background:
Chemokines are a family of proteins mainly mediating the homing and migration of
various cells. The CXC chemokine CXCL12 is a member of low-weight-molecular chemokines.
In the kidney, CXCL12 is pivotal for renal development and exerts a modulatory effect
in kidney diseases under different etiologic settings by binding with CXC chemokine
receptor 4 (CXCR4) or CXC chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7). Besides, CXCL12 also exerts
homeostasis influence in diverse physical conditions and various pathological situations.
Thus, we conclude the complicated relationship between CXCL12 and kidney diseases
in this review. Summary:
In renal development, CXCL12 contributes a lot to nephrogenesis and the formation
of renal vasculature via correlating with CXCR4. CXCL12 also plays an essential role
in renal recovery from acute kidney injury. However, the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis plays a
dual regulatory role in the initiation and development of diabetic kidney disease
as well as chronic allogeneic nephropathy after kidney transplantation through dialectical
consideration. Additionally, the CXCL12/CXCR4 link is considered as a new risk factor
for lupus nephritis and renal cell carcinoma. Key Messages:
Plenty of studies have presented the influence of CXCL12 and the relation with corresponding
receptors in diverse biological and pathological statuses. Simultaneously, some drugs
and antagonists targeting CXCL12/CXCR4 axis effectively treat various kidney diseases.
However, more researches are needed to explore thorough influence and mechanisms,
providing more cues for clinical treatments.
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