tudy on the processes of start-up and shutdown in proton xchange membrane fuel cells

Several different start-up and shutdown processes of a fuel cell were investigated in this paper by measuring cathode, anode andmembrane potentials respectively versus reference hydrogen electrode (RHE). Themembrane potential wasmeasured by using thin copperwire sandwiched between twomembranes. During the formation of hydrogen/air boundary at the anode caused by unprotected start-up and shutvailable online 27 December 2008