Research progress in chromosome maps and physical maps of malaria mosquitoes

Anophelesmosquitoes are not only important vectors of malaria, but also model organisms for research on polytene chromosome in cytogenetics. Polytene chromosome maps are necessary tools for the phylogenetic classification, ecological genetic study, and population genetic study of Anopheles and the basis for construction of physical maps. With the development of fluorescence in situ hybridization, the successful construction of high-resolution physical maps of Anopheles mosquitoes has accelerated researches on whole-genome assembly, comparative genomics, and map-based cloning. This article reviews the study and application of chromosome maps and physical maps of Anopheles mosquitoes, which provides a solid foundation for related researches.