Optimization of momentum imaging systems using electric and magnetic fields

Time-of-flight (TOF) momentum imaging systems utilize the x, y, t information from charged particles striking a position-sensitive detector to infer the x, y, and z components of the particles’ initial momenta. This measurement capability can lead to the complete experimental determination of multi-ionization/fragmentation dynamics. In the case of electron detection, the addition of a magnetic field leads to a significantly increased operational energy range. This study shows that the TOF system has to be carefully designed in order to optimize the magnetic confinement effect. Expressions for the optimal dimensions of a single electric field TOF system are derived and factors contributing to the resolution are discussed, along with their application to an existing imaging system.