Whole Genome Human Chromosome Physical Mapping

This entry reviews the types of physical map that can be constructed, the methods used to construct them and their most likely current use. In particular, the emphasis is on the construction of genomic restriction maps and ordering overlapping libraries using top-down mapping approaches to enable de novo genome sequencing and for gap filling in sequencing projects. Also explored is the use of these approaches in functional studies. Keywords: Alu Repeat; Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC); Cloneless Library; Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH); Expressed Sequence Tag (EST); Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH); Inter-Alu PCR; Jumping Libraries; Kpn Repeat; Linking Libraries; Locus; Long Interspersed Repeat Elements (LINEs); Multiplex Analysis; P1-derived Artificial Chromosomes (PAC); Polonies; Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR); Polymorphism Link-up; Pulsed Field Gel (PFG) Electrophoresis; Radiation Hybrid Maps; RARE (RecA-assisted Restriction Endonuclease) Cleavage; Retroposons; Sequence-tagged Restriction Site (STAR); Sequence-tagged Site (STS); Short Interspersed Repeat Elements (SINEs); Yeast Artificial Chromosome (YAC)