Effects of chronic external ammonia stress on growth, immunity and metabolism of juvenile GIFT tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus)

To investigate the effects of chronic external ammonia stress on growth, immunity and metabolism of juvenile GIFT tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) , we designed five concentrations of ammonia, including 0 mg·L - 1 ( A0) , 1. 63 mg·L - 1 ( A1) , 3. 25 mg·L - 1