Effects of Robot-Assisted Gait Training in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Study

Objective This study aims to evaluate and compare the effects of conventional and robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) programs on fatigue, mood, and quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who have fatigue. Methods In this single-blinded, randomized, controlled study, thirty-seven patients with MS were randomized into two groups: RAGT(n = 18) and conventional gait training (CGT)(n = 19). The RAGT group had gait training with RoboGait, while the CGT group received conventional physiotherapist-assisted gait training. Outcome measures were the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQoL-54), Extended Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), Berg Balance Test (BBT) and Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Results Baseline demographic, clinic and functional data were similar. Both groups showed improvements in the FSS, HADS-depression, MSQoL, BBT, and 6MWT scores after treatment. Only the RAGT group showed an improvement in HADS-anxiety score. The RAGT group had better FSS, and HADS scores. Conclusion In combination with the standard rehabilitation program, both RAGT and CGT are effective for MS. However, RAGT has superior effects in terms of fatigue, depression, and anxiety. Therefore, it may be preferred in MS patients who exhibit prominent symptoms of fatigue, depression, or anxiety.