Adopción del rol materno en madres primigestas de acuerdo con el tipo de familia

espanolObjetivo: identificar la influencia del tipo de familia, asi como de las caracteristicas sociodemograficas y de salud en la adopcion del rol materno (ARM) de madres primigestas del municipio de Teziutlan, Puebla (Mexico). Metodos: estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en el Centro de Salud con Servicios con Ampliados de Teziutlan, con una poblacion de estudio de 726 mujeres primigestas. Muestreo no probabilistico por conveniencia, se incluyo a madres con hijos entre 1 y 12 meses que acudieron a consulta entre agosto y noviembre de 2019. Instrumentos de medida: cuestionario de datos sociodemograficos, familiares, del embarazo y la escala de ARM (nivel bajo (56 a 180 puntos), medio (181 a 202 puntos) y alto (203 a 224 puntos)). Se realizaron indices de estadistica descriptiva y analisis bivariantes. Resultados: participaron 126 madres. La ARM fue adquirida con mayor frecuencia niveles altos en mujeres entre 13 y 19 anos (28,6%) o 30 a 52 (28,6%), amas de casa (26,8%) y con estudios de secundaria (27%), que tenian relacion de pareja en union libre (25,9%) o casada (22,2%), de duracion igual o mayor a cuatro anos (25,6%) y vivian en familia extensa con la familia de origen (28,6%). Tambien en aquellas que planificaron su embarazo (36%), siguieron citas prenatales (27%) y no tenian abortos previos (23,8%). Conclusion: la ARM varia en funcion del tipo de familia, viendose favorecida por las relaciones de pareja superiores a cuatro anos y la convivencia con la familia de la madre. Tambien lo hace en funcion de otras caracteristicas sociodemograficas y relacionadas con el embarazo. EnglishObjective: to identify the influence of the type of family, as well as of sociodemographical and health characteristics, in the adaptation to the maternal role (AMR) in primiparous mothers from the Teziutlan district, in Puebla (Mexico). Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the Teziutlan Public Health Centre with Expanded Services, on a study population of 726 primiparous women. Non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used, including mothers with 1-to-12-month children who attended the centre between August and November, 2019. Measurement instruments: questionnaire for sociodemographical, family and pregnancy data, and the ARM scale (low level: (56 to 180 scores), intermediate: (181 to 202 scores), and high level (203 to 224 scores)). Descriptive statistical indexes and bivariate analysis were conducted. Results: the study included 126 mothers. High levels in ARM were more frequently obtained in 13-to-19-year-old (28.6%) or 30-to-52-year old women (28.6%), homemakers (26.8%) and with secondary education (27%), on a consensual union couple relationship (25.9%) or married (22.2%), for four years or longer (25.6%) and living with their extended family of origin (28.6%). Also in those who planned their pregnancy (36%), followed their prenatal appointments (27%) and had no previous miscarriages (23.8%). Conclusion: the ARM varies according to type of family, and increases when the couple relationship has lasted over four years and by living with the family of the mother. There are other sociodemographical and pregnancy-related characteristics which will also have a positive impact.