Color Intensity of the Red-Fleshed Berry Phenotype of Vitis vinifera Teinturier Grapes Varies Due to a 408 bp Duplication in the Promoter of VvmybA1.
2020
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) teinturier cultivars are characterized by their typical reddish
leaves and red-fleshed berries due to ectopic anthocyanin formation. Wines of these varieties have
economic importance as they can be used for blending to enhance the color of red wines. The unique
and heritable mutation has been known for a long time but the underlying genetic mechanism still
is not yet understood. Here we describe the association of the red-fleshed berry phenotype with a
408 bp repetitive DNA element in the promoter of the VvmybA1 gene (grapevine color enhancer, GCE).
Three dierent clones of ‘Teinturier’ were discovered with two, three and five allelic GCE repeats
(MybA1t2, MybA1t3 and MybA1t5). All three clones are periclinal chimeras; these clones share the
same L1 layer, but have distinct L2 layers with dierent quantities of GCE repeats. Quantitative real
time PCR and HPLC analysis of leaf and berry samples showed that the GCE repeat number strongly
correlates with an increase of the expression of VvmybA1 itself and the VvUFGT gene regulated by it
and the anthocyanin content. A model is proposed based on autoregulation of VvmybA1t to explain
the red phenotype which is similar to that of red-fleshed apples. This study presents results about
the generation and modes of action of three MybA1t alleles responsible for the red-fleshed berry
phenotype of teinturier grapevines.
- Correction
- Source
- Cite
- Save
- Machine Reading By IdeaReader
75
References
2
Citations
NaN
KQI