The vertical distribution of ozone instantaneous radiative forcing from satellite and chemistry climate models

find total tropospheric IRF biases from −0.4 to + 0.7 W/m 2 over large regions within the tropics and midlatitudes, due to ozone differences over the region in the lower and middle troposphere, enhanced by persistent bias in the upper troposphere‐lower stratospheric region. The zonal mean biases also range from −30 to +50 mW/m 2 for the models. However, the ensemble mean total tropospheric IRF bias is less than 0.2 W/m 2 within the entire troposphere.