Adaptation and Assessment of the Child Feeding Questionnaire for Chinese Immigrant Families of Young Children in the U.S.

BACKGROUND: Chinese immigrant mothers have been found to hold cultural-specific beliefs about children's weight and use cultural-specific feeding practices when feeding their children. However, current measurements of child feeding, including the widely used Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ), do not capture these cultural-specific beliefs and practices. Thus, the present study examined the underlying factor structure of the original CFQ (7-factor model) and the modified CFQ with additional Asian cultural-specific feeding items (8- and 9-factor model) and assessed the validity of the CFQ among U.S. Chinese immigrant mothers. METHOD: First-generation Chinese immigrant mothers (N = 216, Mage = 38.31, SDage = 4.34) with young children (Mage = 5.14, SDage = 1.49; 47.70% females) completed the CFQ (Birch et al., 2001), with two additional items capturing Asian cultural-specific feeding beliefs and practices. Children's and parents' body mass index and mothers' perceptions of their children's body size were also assessed. RESULTS: Our findings revealed that the 9-factor model, which included the cultural-specific feeding items, was the most optimal model to represent the factor structure of feeding beliefs and practices among U.S. Chinese immigrant mothers of young children. Mothers' feeding beliefs and practices were associated with children's and mothers' body mass index and mothers' perceptions of their children's body size. CONCLUSIONS: The present study highlighted the importance of cultural-specific beliefs and practices when examining parents' feeding perceptions, beliefs, and practices.