A directly grown pristine Cu-CAT metal–organic framework as an anode material for high-energy sodium-ion capacitors

Copper-based metal–organic framework (Cu-CAT) nanowires are directly grown as an anode of sodium ion hybrid capacitors (SIHCs) for the first time. The uniform molecular pores provide a natural Na+ diffusion pathway and abundant accommodations for Na+ coordination to the C–O active sites, which greatly facilitate the kinetics balance with the capacitive cathode and boost the energy density of SIHCs, respectively.