Сравнительная эффективность применения минеральных удобрений и бактериальных препаратов на кукурузе в условиях черноземов обыкновенных Ростовской области

The article presents the results of a 3-year field experiment on the comparative efficiency of mineral fertilizers and biological preparations on maize productivity and quality in ordinary chernozem of Rostov region. The research was conducted in the testing field of Don State Agrarian University in Rostov region in 2015-2017. The object of the research was a maize hybrid, Krasnodarsky 358 (mid-ripening). There were tested mineral fertilizers: ammophos (N 12 Р 52 ), ammonium nitrate (N 34, 4 ), and bacterial preparations developed by All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology in Saint Petersburg. The bacterial preparations were with associative nitrogen-fixing strains: Mizorin, 204, 2P-9, 2P-7, KL-10. The application of the mineral fertilizers at a dose of N 30Р40 had a significant effect on the yield. The most effective strains providing high productivity of maize were Mizorin and 2P-7. The best combination of mineral fertilizers and biological preparations was the test with 2P-9. On average, the yield in this test increased by 1.67 t/ha or 55.3%. The economic efficiency of bacterial preparations was not inferior to the mineral fertilizers and even exceeded them.