Effect of sulfurization temperature on Cu-Zn disorder for non-stoichiometric spray pyrolyzed Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films

Abstract Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS) thin-films were synthesized using chemical spray pyrolysis technique followed by sulfurization at different temperatures via the chemical vapor deposition technique. The Cu-Zn disorder for the films sulfurized at various temperatures was investigated using the near-resonance Raman spectra with an excitation wavelength of 785 nm. The sulfurized films exhibited optimal non-stoichiometric Cu-poor and Zn- rich composition to achieve higher solar cell efficiency. The CZTS films sulfurized at a temperature of 550 °C exhibited higher Cu-Zn order.