Angle Dependent Synchrotron X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopic Structural Studies on Ba 0.85 Ca 0.15 Zr 0.1 Ti 0.9 O 3 Ferroelectric Ceramics

Synchrotron x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) technique was employed to investigate the local structure, domain orientation and Ti off-center displacement in unpoled and poled barium calcium zirconate titanate (BCZT) ceramics. The domain orientation of a poled sample was detected by the angular periodicity of intensities of XANES while that of an unpoled sample did not. The angular periodicity of the intensities is related to the domain orientations through the x-ray polarization tensor. XANES is thereby demonstrated as a quantitative and quantitative technique that can measure domain switching distributions in ferroelectric ceramics.