The presence of early childhood caries among the members of different ethnic groups of the South Bačka District
2012
Background/Aim. Early childhood caries (ECC) is a special form of caries in
primary dentition that affect teeth after eruption, with rapid progression,
later symptomatology and numerous complications. The aim of this study was to
investigate the frequency of ECC among different ethnic groups of preschool
children in the South Backa District. Methods. The survey was performed as a
crosssectional analytical study on the sample of preschool children of both
sexes and different ethnic groups in the South Backa District. The diagnosis
and the clinical form of ECC was defined by dental check-ups according to the
modified Wyne's criteria: the initial form (type 1) shows carious lesions
without disturbing the surface structure of the tooth enamel, the moderate
form (type 2) shows carious lesions affecting one or two teeth or their
surfaces, the middle form (type 3) shows carious lesions affecting more than
two teeth or their surfaces, the severe form (type 4) shows the presence of
two and more gangrenous roots in the maxilla intercanini sector, and the
severe form with complications (type 5) shows the presence of two and more
gangrenous roots in the maxilla intercanini sector with the presence of
fistula and/or abscess of tooth root apex. Epidemiological data on the
different ethnic groups were obtained by interviewing the parents of the
examined children. The tests on significant statistical differences was
performed by the variance analysis and χ2 test. Results. The prevalence of
ECC in children oped 41.32 ± 8.57 months, of the South Backa District was
30.5%. The highest disease frequency was found in Roma children (50.0%) as
well as in children of Ruthenian nationality (43.8%), than in children of
Slovakia nationality (37.8%), Serbian (26.1%), Hungerian (25.4%) and other
nationalities (27.4%). The frequency of types 1, 3, 4, and 5 ECC was twice as
high as in children who do not speak Serbian language. Conclusion. The
frequency of ECC occurrence is different among ethnic groups. The highest
frequency of ECC is present among the members of ethnic groups whose native
language is not Serbian.
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