Isolated pulmonary Langerhans' cell histocytosis in a child.

Langerhans’ cell histocytosis (LCH), previously known as “histocytosis X”, is a rare disease of unknown etiology that includes a group of histologically similar but clinically different conditions, including solitary eosinophilic granuloma, Hand-Schuller-Christian disease and LettererSiwe disease. Lung involvement is a well-known complication of multi-system LCH, both in children and in adults. Isolated pulmonary LCH, on the other hand, has been reported in adults, especially cigarette smokers, but very rarely in children. In this report, we present a child with an unusual and rare isolated endobronchial pulmonary LCH. To our knowledge, this is the first case of isolated pulmonary LCH in a child to be reported from the Middle East.