Anxiolytic effects of swimming exercise and ethanol in two behavioral models: beneficial effects and increased sensitivity in mice

2012 
Several behavioral mechanisms have been suggested to explain the effects of ethanol or physical exercise on anxiety. The purpose of the current study was to assess the effects of chronic and acute administration of ethanol on swimming exercise in mice, sequentially submitted to the elevated plus-maze and open-field tests. In the first experiment, sedentary or physical exercise groups received chronic treatment with ethanol (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 2 or 4 g ethanol/kg/day by oral gavage) for 14 days before the tests. In the second experiment, groups received a single dose of ethanol (ip: 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 or 1.2 g/kg), ten minutes before the start of behavioral tests. The present study found an anxiolytic-like effect after chronic ethanol treatment or swimming exercise, evidence of beneficial effects. Moreover, we conclude that exercise can increase behavioral sensitivity to ethanol in acute treatment. The experiments described here show that the effects of ethanol on the behavior displayed in the elevated plus-maze and open-field are not only dose-dependent but also modified by swimming exercise. These results may provide valuable insights into possible molecular mechanisms governing these adaptations. Keywords: Behavior. Elevated plus-maze. Ethanol. Open-field. Swimming exercise. RESUMO Varios mecanismos comportamentais foram propostos para explicar os efeitos do etanol ou do exercicio sobre a ansiedade. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da administracao cronica e aguda de etanol sobre o exercicio de natacao em camundongos, sequencialmente submetidos aos testes do labirinto em cruz elevado e campo aberto. No primeiro experimento, os grupos de sedentarios e exercicio fisico receberam tratamento cronico com etanol (0,1; 0,2; 0,4; 2 e 4 g de etanol/kg/dia atraves de gavagem oral) durante 14 dias antes dos testes. No segundo experimento, os grupos receberam uma unica dose de etanol, i.p. (0,6; 0,8; 1,0 ou 1,2 g de etanol/kg), dez minutos antes do inicio dos testes comportamentais. O presente estudo encontrou efeitos ansioliticos apos tratamento cronico com etanol ou exercicio de natacao, provas dos efeitos beneficos. Alem disto, concluimos que o exercicio pode aumentar a sensibilidade comportamental ao etanol no tratamento agudo. Os experimentos aqui descritos mostram que os efeitos do etanol sobre o comportamento exibido no labirinto em cruz elevado ou campo aberto nao sao apenas dose-dependente, mas tambem depende do exercicio de natacao. Este trabalho pode fornecer “insights” valiosos sobre os possiveis mecanismos moleculares que regem essas adaptacoes. Palavras-chave: Campo aberto. Comportamento. Etanol. exercicio de natacao. Labirinto em cruz elevado.
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