STUDI IDENTIFIKASI KERUSAKAN WILAYAH PESISIR DI KABUPATEN BENGKULU UTARA PROVINSI BENGKULU

Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara merupakan satu dari 7 kabupaten/kota  di Provinsi Bengkulu yang terletak di Pantai Barat Pulau Sumatera. Wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara berada pada garis pantai sepanjang ± 115,9 km. Perubahan iklim yang mendorong naiknya permukaan air laut, bencana alam dan aktivitas manusia memberi dampak kerusakan terhadap kondisi wilayah pesisir yang semakin cepat dan kritis. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kerusakan wilayah pesisir berdasarkan analisis kerentanan di Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara, Provinsi Bengkulu. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei. Kegiatan penelitian yang meliputi observasi lapang,  wawancara, pengolahan dan analisis data, serta  verifikasi hasil penelitian, dilakukan selama 15 hari. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Kerusakan wilayah pesisir yang diukur dari indeks kerentanan, dihitung menggunakan Rumus IKP (Indeks Kerentanan Pantai). Sepanjang wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara, terdapat 22 lokasi yang sudah menunjukkan gejala kerusakan dan dan sudah mengalami kerusakan. Serangai merupakan lokasi dengan IKP tertinggi (wilayah merah), yaitu 67,1 dan 75,0. Ada 8 lokasi yang IKP rendah, 11 lokasi IKP sedang, dan  3 lokasi IKP tinggi. Secara umum, kondisi wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara sudah mengalami kerusakan. Penyebab kerusakan adalah degradasi hutan pantai, abrasi dan longsor, pertambangan-Galian C, alih fungsi hutan pantai, pemukiman, kerusakan muara sungai, pendulang emas tradisional, galian tanah untuk industri batu bata, pertambakan, sedimentasi/akresi, intrusi air laut, dan alur pelabuhan. North Bengkulu Regency is one of 7 regencies / cities in Bengkulu Province which is located on the West Coast of Sumatra Island. The coastal area of North Bengkulu Regency is located on the coastline along ± 115.9 km. Climate change, which has led to rising sea levels, natural disasters and human activities, has had an increasingly rapid and critical impact on coastal conditions. The research objective was to identify damage of coastal areas based on a vulnerability analysis in North Bengkulu Regency, Bengkulu Province. This research was conducted using a survey method. Research activities which include field observations, interviews, data processing and analysis, and verification of research results, were carried out for 15 days. Data analysis was carried out descriptively. Damage of coastal areas measured from the vulnerability index is calculated using the CVI formula (Coastal Vulnerability Index). Along the coastal area of North Bengkulu Regency, there are 22 locations that have shown signs of damage and have already suffered damage. Serangai is the location with the highest CVI (red area), namely 67.1 and 75.0. There are 8 locations with low CVI, 11 locations with medium CVI, and 3 location with high CVI. In general, the condition of the coastal area of North Bengkulu Regency has been damaged. The causes of damage are degradation of coastal forests, abrasion and landslides, mining-C excavation, conversion of coastal forests, settlements, damage to river estuaries, traditional gold panning, excavation for the brick industry, aquaculture, sedimentation / accretion, sea water intrusion, and channels port.